Door-closing control hinge



Jan. 3, 1950 H. s. DIEBEL 2,493,118

DOOR CLOSING CONTkOL HINGE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. I.

FIG. 2.

if P" am I I sa I 5sl HENRY 'S SIEZEL B Xfl M ATTORNEY Jan. 3, 1-950 H.S. DIEBEL 2,493,113

DOOR CLOSING CONTROL HINGE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR HE NRY .S. DIE BEL A ORNEY,

Patented Jan. 3, 19 6 DOOR-CLOSING CONTROL HINGE Henry S. Diebel, Downey, Calif., assignor to G. G. Bakewell, Pasadena, Calif.

Original application August 19, 1946, Serial No.

691,557. Divided and this application December 9, 1947, Serial No. 790,524

This invention relates to door closure control devices and in particular to means for hingedly mounting and controlling the opening and closing of a door. This application is a division of my co-pending application, Ser. No. 691,557, filed August 19, 1946.

One object of my invention is to provide a hinged closure control device. Another object is to provide hinges with interchangeable and removable cartridge-type control units concentric with hinge pins. A further object of the invention is to provide a hinge having a removable cartridge-type hydraulic checking unit. Other objects are to provide hinge means for a hand operated door which control the rates of move ment of the door in any part of its movement in either direction; to provide a non-leaking hydraulic control hinge which may be used for long period-s of time without adjustment or servicing; to provide cartridge-type enclosures for the hydraulic control means to facilitate removal and replacement without removal of the hinge leaves and the cartridge-enclosing casings, from the door and the doorframe. These and other objects are attained by my invention which will be understood from the following description, reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view partly in section with parts broken away showing an hydraulic checking hinge;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational view showing the cartridge containing an hydraulic checking mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 5--5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line l3-I3 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary view indicated by the line 8-8 of Fig. 1.

In general, my invention relates to hinges adapted to hingedly mount a door on a doorframe, one of the hinges of a pair or more having an hydraulic checking mechanism for controlling the angular movement of thedoor, the hydraulic checking mechanism being separately enclosed in a removable cartridge which is operatively 2 Claims. (Cl. 16-58) encased in the cavities of the outer part-casings attached respectively to the two hinge leaves of each hinge.

A preferred form of an hydraulic control hinge is shown in Figs. 1 to 9, inclusive. The hydraulic mechanism is enclosed in the hydraulic cartridge unit 55 which consist-s of a cylindrical cartridge housing 55 which is provided in its central portion with an outwardly extending flange 51. The hexagonal extension 58 of the hinge pin 59 extends above the cap 60 which closes the upper end of the cartridge housing 56. In the opposite end of the cartridge housing 56, there is provided a draw screw El for fastening the cartridge inside the outer casing as will be later described. The lower end 62 of the cartridge housing 56 is slightly tapered.

The hydraulic checking mechanism consists of a rotary piston 63 attached to the hinge pin 59 in a cylindrical working chamber 64 having a segmental partition member or dam 65. lhe working chamber 64 is formed by the inner surface of the cartridge housing 56, the radial ends of the dam 55, the bottom closing member 66 and r the upper closing surface consisting of the bottom 61 of the reservoir bushing 98. A bearing for the lower end of the hinge pin 59 is formed by reducing the diameter of the hinge pin below the piston 63, to fit a hole in the closing member 66, the latter being supported on the bushing N8 which rests upon the draw ring l0! which serves as a closing member for the cartridge housing. The rotation of the hinge pin 59 causes the angular movement therewith of the rotary piston 63 in the working chamber 54 from one edge of the dam to the other edge, the dam 65 extending between the wall of the cartridge housing 56 to the surface of the hinge pin. As the piston moves, the hydraulic fluid is forced through several controlled conduits which act to regulate the hydraulic friction in the movement of the hydraulic fluid from one side of the piston to the other. One control consists of metering pin 69 operating in a hole 10 concentric with and in the center of the hinge pin 59. At right angles to the hinge pin a bypass conduit H through the hinge pin is provided (see Fig. 4), the metering pin, in the portion adjacent the conduit '5 i, being tapered so that the flow of hydraulic fluid may be closely regulated by the endwise movement of the metering pin 69. The pin 59 is positioned by the threaded plug 12 which is threaded into a hole in the upper part of the hinge pin, the metering pin 69 being held upwardly by a compressed coil spring 13 in the bottom of the hole 10. A one- 3 way bypass conduit from one side of the piston to the other is provided by the hole 14 leading through the hinge pin 59 from one side of the piston 63 to the other (see Fig. the hole being provided with a ball 15 in a seat 16 held in place by a retainer 17. When the piston 63 is moved counter clockwise (see Fig. 5) hydraulic fluid flows freely from the closed side of the Working chamber C to the open side of the chamber 0. When the piston is moved in the opposite direction, the ball is forced into the seat 76 and shuts off the flow of hydraulic fluid. In the movement of the piston from 0 position to the 0 position, the flow of hydraulic fluid is further controlled by means of grooves of varying crosssectional area, cut in the under .surface 61 of the reservoir bottom which serves as the upper closing wall for the hydraulic working chamber. In the preferred arrangement, as shown, a by passed groove 78 large enough to permit substantially unrestricted movement of the hydraulic fluid therethrough is provided the first part of the movement of the piston (in the direction of closing the hinge) following which the groove is tapered .to gradually retard the flow of hydraulic fluid by gradually decreasing the crosssectional area to the bypass groove 18, allowing free flow of hydraulic fluid. The arrangement of connected bypass grooves thus described provides for the initial unretarded closing of the hinge and the attached door by an actuator hinge mechanism until the .door approaches the fully closed position, at which point the constricted groove retards the flow of liquid and slows down .the movement of the door and then shortly before reaching the final closed position, the hydraulic resistance is removed by the provision of the large crossesectional area .80 so that the actuator hinge forces the door into the latch in the fully closed position.

Provision is also made in the hydraulic unit for compensating for the difference in fluidity of the hydraulic liquid due to temperature changes. An auxiliary bypass :hole 81 through the hinge pin .59 within the working .chamber 64 is controlled by means of the thermostatically operated meter- .ing pin 82 which slides in a hole '83 in the lower portion of the hinge pin 59, and concentric therewith, a coil compression spring :86'being placed in the hole to act against the metering pin 82. A Sylphon metallic bellows containing a suitable fluid acts to move the metering pin in response to temperature changes. The bellows B5 is placed in .a cavity in the bushing I08 adjacent the closing memher I01. rises, the thermostatically controlled metering pin closes off the auxiliary bypass hole 8|, to compensate for the lower viscosity of the hydraulic liquid.

The non-pressured reserve hydraulic liquid reservoir 68 consists of an annular space between the reservoir bushing .68 and the hinge pin. The reservoir is connected hydraulically with the working chamber by means of checkvalved orifices 86, .one on each side of the piston. The reservoir bushing is held in place within the cartridge housing by means of locking rings 88 and89. The top portion of the reservoir is .closed by .the closing cap 0, and .a sleeve bearing 96 and 9| is provided between the hinge pin and the closing cap .60. A rubber Q ring 92 being pro vided around the hinge pin between the bearings .90 and ill to prevent leakage of hydraulic liquid. The radial position of the reservoir bushing is fixed by means of the key 59 in suitably placed 1 When the temperature holes in the reservoir bushing 68 and the dam 65. A closing cap 94 is provided at the upper end of the opening in the hexagonal extension 58 of the hinge pin 59.

The upper leaf 98 of the hydraulic hinge is made integrally with a part-casing 99 adapted to fit over the upper portion of the hydraulic mechanism cartridge housing 55. A sleeve bearing is provided between the cartridge and the inner surface of the part-casing 99; and a hexagonal cavity is provided in the upper end of the partcasing '99 adapted to non-rotatably engage the hexagonal shaft extension 58. The cap 94 is threaded into a hole in the end of the shaft extension 58 and is accessible through an opening in the upper end of the part-casing 99.

The lower leaf m0 is preferably made integrally with a lower part-casing and is adapted to fit over the lower portion of the cartridge housing 56, the cavity of said lower part-casing being slightly tapered at the bottom to correspond to the tapered end portion H 3 of the cartridge housing adjacent the draw screw GI, and the end of the lower partwasing is provided with a threaded hole i132 adapted to engage said tighte ening member 6|, the draw screw BI is provided with an hexagonal hole )3 adapted to be engaged by a hexagonal bar tool to turn the draw screw 6| The inner end .of the draw screw BI is provided with a head Hllhaving an underside tapered edge face 1-05 which is adapted to engage a tapered hole I06 in the closing member [.01 -.of the cartridge. The draw screw BI may thus be used to draw the cartridge housing 56 into the lower part-casing I M to hold the cartridge non-rotatably-within the casing. A 'key I 11 holds the closing member in! and the dam 65 in alignment. When it is desired to remove the cartridge from the casing, the reverse turning of the draw screw 6i pushes the cartridge out of the tapered portion through pressure of the head I04 which abuts the bushing 1208 containing the Sylphon" bellows 85.

In order :to adjust the relative positions of the hinge pin and its attached leaf 100, provision is made for an index marking adjacent the flange 151 .of the cartridge housing 56, as shown particularly in Fig. 9. A tool-receiving hole I69 is provided in the flange at a selected relative position for the two leaves of the hinge, for example, at the closed position. Index marks are made at either side of this hole to permit settin of the parts relative to the corresponding index marks III on the casing I 0| This arrangement provides ready means for adjusting the position of a replaced cartridge in the casing after it has been removed for repair or renewal.

The advantages of my cartridge-type hinges will be apparent. The cartridge unit, containing the hydraulic checking unit, may be readily removed without removal of the leaves attaching the hinge outer casings to the door and doorfrarne. The hinge outer casings may be ornamented or shaped as desired, while the cartridge type mechanisms may be interchangeable.

I claim:

1. A hinge mechanism comprising a pair of leaves adapted for attachment to a closure and to a closure-mounting frame; a removable cartridge unit having a cylindrical housing, a shaft mounted coaxially therein with a shaft extension protruding from the upper end of said housing, said shaft being enclosed within said housing and having a rotary piston attached thereto arranged .to move in anhydraulic chamber within and defined by the said cylindrical housing and adapted to dampen the movements of said shaft; a hollow upper part-casing extending from the edge of one leaf adapted to fit over and turn on the upper portion of said cartridge housing and to non-rotatably engage said shaft extension; a hollow lower part-casing extending from the edge of the other leaf, adapted to fit upon and be non-rotatably attached to the lower portion of said cartridge housing; and means manually operable when said hinge mechanism is in operative position mounting a door on a closure-mounting frame for securing said lower part-casing to said cartridge unit.

2. A hinge mechanism comprising a pair of leaves adapted for attachment to a closure and to a closure-mounting frame; a removable cartridge unit having a cylindrical housing, a shaft mounted coaxially therein with a shaft extension protruding from the upper end of said housing, said shaft being enclosed within said housing and having a rotary piston attached thereto adapted to move in an hydraulic chamber within and defined in part by said cylindrical housing and adapted to dampen the movements of said shaft; 1

a hollow upper part-casing extending from the edge of one leaf adapted to fit over and turn on the upper portion of said cartridge housing and 6 to non-rotatably engage said shaft extension; a hollow lower part-casing extending from the edge of the other leaf, adapted to fit upon and be nonrotatably attached to the lower portion of said cartridge housing; and means for adjusting the hydraulic dampening of said piston and hydraulic chamber means when said cartridge unit is in place within said upper and lower part-casings including an axial hole in the shaft extension accessible from an axial hole in said upper part casing.

HENRY S. DIEBEL REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,176,014 Wyeth et al. Mar. 21, 1916 2,159,067 Weiser May 23, 1939 2,216,695 Potter Oct. 1, 1940 2,434,524 Swanson Jan. 13, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 147,096 Switzerland Aug. 1, 1931 

